How does the mechanism of action differ between radiofrequency and microwave ablation?

The correct answer highlights a fundamental distinction in how radiofrequency (RF) and microwave ablation generate heat to treat tissues. Radiofrequency ablation operates primarily through resistive heating, where an alternating electric current is applied to the tissue, causing the ions within to vibrate and generate heat due to the resistance met by the tissue. This localized heating leads to the thermal destruction of target cells.

In contrast, microwave ablation utilizes electromagnetic microwaves, which also produce heat but via a different mechanism. The microwaves excite water molecules in the tissue, leading to rapid heating and, consequently, tissue destruction. This method is often more effective in achieving higher temperatures over a larger volume of tissue compared to RF.

Understanding this distinction is critical, as it aids in selecting the appropriate ablation technique based on the clinical situation and desired outcomes. The other options propose inaccuracies regarding the technology and mechanisms of the two methods.